February 21, 2024
3 minute read
Important points:
- Increases in total daily physical activity and steps per day were associated with lower overall heart failure risk in older women.
- Sedentary time was associated with increased risk of heart failure.
Increased daily physical activity was associated with a lower risk of overall new-onset heart failure and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in older women, according to study results published in . JAMA Cardiology.
“The 2018 U.S. Physical Activity Guidelines Evidence Report found that achieving the minimum recommended 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week was associated with a 10% lower risk of overall heart failure compared to no activity. Results were sparse in adults aged 65 years and older, HF with reduced EF and HFpEF subtypes.” Michael J. LaMonte, PhD, MPH, A research professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health at the University at Buffalo School of Public Health and Health Professions and his colleagues write. “Although exceeding recommended PA levels further reduces heart failure risk, it is unclear whether physical activity below the recommended amount or intensity reduces heart failure risk.” There is very little research.”
OPACH research
To assess the impact of accelerometer-derived physical activity measures such as light intensity activity, steps per day, and sedentary time on heart failure risk in women aged 63 to 99 years, objective physical activity and designed the Cardiovascular Health (OPACH) study.
Overall, 5,951 women (mean age 79 years, 34% black) who were not known to have heart failure at baseline were enrolled from March 2012 to April 2014 and underwent a Completed axial accelerometer and was followed up until February 2022.
The average total physical activity time per day was 339.4 minutes, of which 85% was light intensity, the average duration per day was 288.3 minutes, and the average time spent sitting was 10.3 hours per day.
The quartiles of daily physical activity were <276 minutes, 276–336 minutes, 337–397 minutes, and ≥397 minutes. The quartiles of daily steps were <2,164, 2,164–3,210, 3,211–4,541, and ≥4,541.
Daily physical activity and the risk of heart failure
During an average follow-up of 7.5 years, the researchers observed 407 cases of HF, of which 257 were identified as HFpEF and 110 as HFrEF.
For each standard deviation (SD) increase in minutes per day in total physical activity compared to the lowest quartile, the adjusted HR for HF is:
- 0.85 (95% CI, 0.75-0.95) for overall HF.
- 0.78 (95% CI, 0.67-0.91) for HFpEF;and
- 1.02 (95% CI, 0.81-1.28) for HFrEF;
Relative to the bottom quartile, for every 1 SD increase in steps per day, the adjusted heart rate in HF is:
- 0.74 (95% CI, 0.63-0.88) for overall HF.
- 0.71 (95% CI, 0.57-0.88) for HFpEF;and
- 0.83 (95% CI, 0.62-1.12) for HFrEF;
For every 1 SD increase in minutes of sedentary time per day compared to the lowest quartile, the adjusted HR for HF is:
- 1.17 (95% CI, 1.04-1.33) for overall HF;
- 1.29 (95% CI, 1.1-1.51) for HFpEF;and
- 0.94 (95% CI, 0.75-1.18) for HFrEF;
Additionally, increased physical activity, regardless of type, was associated with a lower risk of overall heart failure (HR per 1 SD of mild activity = 0.88, 95% CI, 0.78-0.98, 1 SD of moderate-to-vigorous activity). HR per 1 SD of mild activity = 0.8; 95% CI, 0.7-0.93; HR per 1 SD of moderate to vigorous activity = 0.85) ; 95% CI, 0.72-1.01), but HFrEF did not.
“In outpatient elderly women, the higher the amount of normal daily light and moderate-intensity activity, the lower the risk of developing heart failure, independent of demographic and clinical factors associated with heart failure risk. , the ejection fraction was preserved,” Professor LaMonte said in a press release. . “Accumulating 3,000 steps per day may be a reasonable goal that is consistent with the amount of daily activity performed by the women in this study. Primary prevention against HFpEF is becoming more important as it is the most common form of heart failure in ethnic minorities and there are currently few established treatment options. The potential to contribute to the prevention of HFpEF is an exciting and promising result for future studies to evaluate in other groups, including older men.”
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Disclosure: Lamonte does not report any relevant financial disclosures. Please refer to this study for relevant financial disclosures of all other authors.
